2017_dec Booklet A Part B Q47 📚 Geophysics
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Question 47

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Seismological studies (via travel-time analysis and models like PREM) show that P-wave velocity increases steadily with depth through the solid lower mantle, then drops sharply at the core-mantle boundary upon entering the liquid outer core (which cannot support shear and has a notably lower P-wave velocity than the base of the mantle), before rising again at the inner core boundary into the solid inner core, though the inner core's P-wave velocity remains lower than that of the deep lower mantle.
According to standard Earth seismic velocity models (such as PREM), P-wave velocity at the base of the lower mantle reaches roughly 13.7 km/s, the highest...

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