Ocean acidification refers to the measured ~0.1 unit decrease in average ocean surface pH since the start of the industrial era, driven by absorption of anthropogenic CO2. Because pH is a logarithmic (base-10) scale of hydrogen ion (H+) activity, a decrease of 0.1 pH units corresponds to a proportionally large percentage increase in H+ ion concentration, calculated as (10^0.1 - 1) x 100%.
pH is defined as pH = -log10[H+], so [H+] = 10^(-pH). A decrease in pH by 0.1 units means the new hydrogen ion concentration is...
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