Surface salinity of semi-enclosed seas depends on the balance between evaporation, freshwater input, and connection to the open ocean. Restricted, arid-region water bodies with high evaporation and limited freshwater/ocean exchange (like the Dead Sea) develop extreme hypersalinity, while more open seas with greater exchange (like the Arabian Sea) retain near-normal oceanic salinity.
Ranking these water bodies by approximate surface salinity: Arabian Sea (~36 ppt, close to average open-ocean salinity due to good connection with the Indian Ocean)...
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